TheAntarctic’ssecond-largestcolonyofemperorpenguinscollapsedin,withmorethan10,chickslost,andthepopulationhasnotrecovered,accordingtoanewstudy.

一项新研究显示,南极第二大帝企鹅种群在年锐减,超过1万只企鹅幼崽死亡,其种群数量至今仍未恢复。

Manyoftheadultsrelocatednearby,satelliteimageryshows,butthefactthatemperorpenguinsarevulnerableinwhathadbeenconsideredthesafestpartoftheirrangeraisesseriouslong-termconcerns,saidPhilTrathan,thepaper’sco-authorandheadofconservationbiologywiththeBritishAntarcticSurveyinCambridge,England.

卫星图像显示,许多成年企鹅移居到了附近地区,但事实是,在被认为是它们活动范围内最安全的区域,帝企鹅仍然很脆弱,这引发了严峻的长期担忧,这篇论文的合著者、英国剑桥的英国南极调查局(BritishAntarcticSurvey)保护生物学的负责人菲尔·特拉森(PhilTrathan)说。

“Thatmeansthattheseplacesaren’tassafeaswethoughtpreviously,”Dr.Trathansaid.

“这意味着这些地方并不像我们之前认为的那么安全,”特拉森说。

ThecolonyatHalleyBayhasallbutdisappeared,theresearchteamattheBritishAntarcticSurveysaidinastatement.

英国南极调查局的研究小组在一份声明中称,哈雷湾的栖息地几乎消失了。

Emperorpenguins—theworld’slargest—breedandmoltonseaice,chunksoffrozenseawater.Awkwardonland,theycannotclimbicycliffsandsoarevulnerabletowarmingweatherandhighwindswhippingacrosstheice.UndertheinfluenceofthestrongestElNi?oin60years,SeptemberwasaparticularlystormymonthintheareaofHalleyBayinAntarctica,withheavywindsandrecord-lowseaice.

帝企鹅——世界上最大的企鹅——在大块被冻住的海冰上繁殖和换毛。它们在陆地上很笨拙,无法攀爬冰崖,因此很容易受到气候变暖和大风掠过冰面的影响。受60年来最强的厄尔尼诺现象影响,年9月是南极洲哈雷湾地区暴风雨特别强的一个月,狂风四起,海冰创下历史新

ThepenguinsgenerallystayedtherefromApriluntilDecemberwhentheirchicksfledged,orhadgrowntheirfeathers,butthestormoccurredbeforethechickswereoldenough.

从4月开始,企鹅一般就会在那里待到12月,等它们的幼崽长大一点,或者长出羽毛。但风暴发生时它们还不够大。

Thoseconditions,Dr.Trathansaid,appearedtohaveledtothelossofabout14,to25,eggsorchicksthatfirstyearandthecolonyhasnotrebounded.Thestudycalledthethree-yeardeclineunprecedented:“threeyearsofalmosttotalbreedingfailure.”

特拉森说,这些情况似乎已经导致大约14到25只蛋或雏鸟在第一年就夭折了,它们的种群至今没有复苏。该研究称,三年的下降是前所未有的:“繁殖几乎完全失败的三年。”

Still,thepopulationinHalleyBayrepresentsonlyabout8percentoftheworld’spopulationofemperorpenguins,Dr.Trathansaid,sothelossdoesnotposeathreattothefutureofthespecies.Roughly,to,breedingpairsofemperorpenguinslivein54coloniesworldwide,hesaid.

尽管如此,特拉森说,哈雷湾的企鹅群体只占世界帝企鹅数量的8%左右,因此,这一损失不会对帝企鹅的未来构成威胁。他说约有13万到25万对可繁衍后代的帝企鹅生活在全世界54个栖息地。

Britishresearchershavebeenstudyingpenguinsintheareasinceandhadneverseenadeclineofthismagnitude,hesaid.

他说,自年以来,英国研究人员一直在研究该地区的企鹅,但从未见过如此大规模的减少。

Otherscientistshaveprojecteddrasticdeclinesinemperorpenguinpopulationsbytheendofthecentury,becauseofclimatechange.StephanieJenouvrier,anassociateresearcherattheWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitutioninMassachusetts,haspredicteda30percentworldwidedropin







































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